This programme provides students with a thorough grounding in Classical Islamic Theology (‘ilm al-kalam). It covers key epistemological and ontological debates, detailing the most prominent Asharite positions and comparing and contrasting these with stances from the other major theological schools, including the Mutazilites and the Hanbalites.

From an epistemological perspective, students learn the roles of canon and reason in the acquisition of theological knowledge. Regarding ontological concerns, key debates covered include God and His attributes; divine predestination and human free will; existents and contingencies; and Prophetology.

The primary course text is “Sharh Umm al-Barahin” by al-Sanusi, supplemented by carefully selected extracts from wider Asharite works. These include the early writings of al-Ashari, al-Baqillani, al-Juwayni, al-Qushayri and al-Ghazali; the mid-period contributions of al-Razi and al-Amidi; and the later works of al-Iji and al-Taftazani.

Weekly 1.5-hour classes are designed for hybrid learning, supporting both on-campus and online attendance.

Outcomes

 1. Epistemological Understanding:

- Develop a deep understanding of the respective roles of canon and reason in reaching theological positions.

 2. Ontological Understanding:

- Build strong foundations in Asharite creedal beliefs and understand the conceptual assumptions underpinning these positions.

 3. Critical Analysis:

- Enhance the ability to critically analyse and engage with theological arguments and literature.

 4. Historical Contextualisation:

- Understand the historical context and evolution of Islamic theological thought.